Point-of-care testing (POCT) enables doctors to identify diseases at the patient's location or close by more quickly than with traditional lab-based testing. In these hard times of the COVID-19 epidemic, POCT's significance is greatly increased. There are several point-of-care tests and diagnostic tools on the market, including, but not limited to, glucose monitoring, tests for infectious diseases, infertility, and pregnancy, cholesterol levels, and cardiac indicators. By incorporating microfluidics, Point-of-Care Diagnostics can manipulate fluids and detect them in a single device with a small amount of sample material. In this review, two technologies—Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) and Nucleic Acid Amplification—that are the foundation of a significant portion of microfluidic POCT diagnostics are described, along with some of their applications and commercially available devices.
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