L293D is a monolithic integrated high voltage, high current four-channel single integrated motor driver, designed to accept standard DTL or TTL logic levels, drive inductive loads (such as relay solenoids, DC and stepper motors) and switch power Transistors can also provide power loads for other high current and high voltages. A separate input power supply is logically provided, allowing operation on low voltage and internal clamping diodes. In order to simplify the application of the dual bridge, each channel of the L293D is equipped with an enable input. When the enable input is low, the associated drivers are enabled and the output is active; when the enable input is low, these drivers are disabled. The L293D logic circuit with an independent power supply can work at a lower voltage. In addition, L293D also has a built-in clamping diode.
The operating voltage of L293D is 4.5 V to 36 V, and the maximum output current is 1A. L293D has up to 4 bidirectional DC motors and 4 channels of PMM speed regulation (about 0.5% resolution), up to 2 stepper motors forward and reverse control, single/double step control, staggered or micro-step, and rotation angle control. Each bridge of the L293D chip provides 0.6A (peak 1.2A) current and has thermal shutdown protection. The pull-down resistor ensures that the motor remains stopped when power is applied. Two large terminal external power connection terminals ensure the separation of logic and motor drive power. Large terminal terminals make wiring easier. The high-resolution and high-precision timers connected to the 2 5V servo motor (steering gear) ports have no jitter. L293D is a 16-pin IC with eight pins on each side, dedicated to controlling motors. Each motor has 2 input pins, 2 output pins, and 1 enable pin. L293D consists of two H bridges. The H-bridge is the simplest circuit for controlling a low-rated current motor.
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https://www.easybom.com/blog/a/an-introduction-to-motor-driver-l293d
