A particle of matter with a diameter of one to one hundred nanometers (nm) is commonly referred to as a nanoparticles or ultrafine particle. When referring to fibres and tubes that are smaller than 100 nm in only two orientations or larger particles up to 500 nm, the phrase is occasionally used. Smaller metal particles are typically referred to as atom clusters at the lowest limit, which is smaller than 1 nm.
Since their smaller size influences very different physical or chemical properties, such as colloidal properties, ultrafast optical effects, or electric properties, nanoparticles are typically distinguished from microparticles (1-1000 m), "fine particles" (sized between 100 and 2500 nm), and "coarse particles" (ranging from 2500 to 10,000 nm).
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