What should be paid attention to in order to ensure the composting of organic fertilizer production process
What should be paid attention to in order to ensure the composting of organic fertilizer production process
In the process of composting, we need to pay attention to some matters, the main factors affecting composting are as follows:
(1) Ventilation. The amount of ventilation affects the intensity of microbial activities, and the amount of oxygen supply determines the speed and quality of composting. Therefore, sufficient and good ventilation and oxygen supply conditions should be ensured in the composting process of organic fertilizer production line. At present, there are mainly bucket loaders, power shovels, ventilation pipes, high-pressure fans and other equipment for oxygen supply.
(2) Temperature. Temperature is also an important factor affecting microbial activity. It is generally considered that it is appropriate to keep the temperature between 55 ℃ and 65 ℃ during composting.
(3) Starter. The addition of starter can accelerate the fermentation speed of compost and greatly shorten the compost maturity time. Since the mid-1990s, some foreign microbial fermentation products (such as EM, enzyme bacteria, TM, etc.) and application technologies have entered China. In recent years, Beijing, Shanghai, Hubei and other places have successively carried out the research work of organic fertilizer biological fermentation strain breeding, production technology and fertilizer efficiency, and obtained a lot of experimental data in the control parameters of composting process, the application of supporting mechanical devices and the study of composting product maturity index, and some of the research results began to be put into production. The organic fertilizer production plant cost is hundreds of thousands to millions.
(4) Water content. Water content is the key factor of aerobic composting. The level of water content depends on the composition of the material. If the ash content of the compost is high and the water content is low, it should be adjusted. Generally, the water content is 45% ~ 60%.
（5）C/N. The decomposition rate of organic matter in compost varies with the ratio of carbon to nitrogen. In order to ensure the maturity rate and quality of compost, it is generally believed that the ratio of carbon to nitrogen of organic matter should be controlled at (20-30): 1.
(6) PH value. The pH value changes with time and temperature. It is generally considered that it is appropriate to keep the pH value between 7 and 8 during composting.
