The level of immunoglobulins, commonly known as antibodies, in your blood is measured using an immunoglobulins test. Antibodies are proteins that the immune system produces in response to bacteria, viruses, fungi, animal dander, or cancer cells.
The N-terminal portions with variable domains for antigen binding and the C-terminal isotype-specific domains for effector actions are the two functional domains of Immunoglobulin. These effector actions vary depending on the antibody's isotype, but they can be divided into two categories: complement activation and Fc receptor binding. In general, various immunoglobulin isotopes activate the classical complement pathway in different ways, such as IgM>IgG3>IgG1>IgG2. In terms of complement activation and Fc receptor binding, Table 2 highlights the main roles of the various immunoglobulin isotypes.
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