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NEW QUESTION 50
How can rainbow tables be defeated?
- A. All uppercase character passwords
- B. Password salting
- C. Use of non-dictionary words
- D. Lockout accounts under brute force password cracking attempts
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)
A salt is random data that is used as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password, or passphrase. Salts are used to safeguard passwords in storage. Historically a password was stored in plaintext on a system, but over time additional safeguards were developed to protect a user's password against being read from the system. A salt is one of those methods.
A new salt is randomly generated for each password. In a typical setting, the salt and the password (or its version after key stretching) are concatenated and processed with a cryptographic hash function, and the output hash value (but not the original password) is stored with the salt in a database. Hashing allows for later authentication without keeping and therefore risking exposure of the plaintext password in the event that the authentication data store is compromised.
Salts defend against a pre-computed hash attack, e.g. rainbow tables. Since salts do not have to be memorized by humans they can make the size of the hash table required for a successful attack prohibitively large without placing a burden on the users. Since salts are different in each case, they also protect commonly used passwords, or those users who use the same password on several sites, by making all salted hash instances for the same password different from each other.
NEW QUESTION 51
When a security analyst prepares for the formal security assessment - what of the following should be done in order to determine inconsistencies in the secure assets database and verify that system is compliant to the minimum security baseline?
- A. Interviewing employees and network engineers
- B. Source code review
- C. Data items and vulnerability scanning
- D. Reviewing the firewalls configuration
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 52
Emily, an extrovert obsessed with social media, posts a large amount of private information, photographs, and location tags of recently visited places. Realizing this. James, a professional hacker, targets Emily and her acquaintances, conducts a location search to detect their geolocation by using an automated tool, and gathers information to perform other sophisticated attacks. What is the tool employed by James in the above scenario?
- A. ophcrack
- B. Hootsuite
- C. HULK
- D. VisualRoute
Answer: B
Explanation:
Hootsuite may be a social media management platform that covers virtually each side of a social media manager's role.
With only one platform users area unit ready to do the easy stuff like reverend cool content and schedule posts on social media in all the high to managing team members and measure ROI.
There area unit many totally different plans to decide on from, from one user set up up to a bespoken enterprise account that's appropriate for much larger organizations.
Conducting location search on social media sites such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook helps attackers to detect the geolocation of the target. This information further helps attackers to perform various social engineering and non-technical attacks. Many online tools such as Followerwonk, Hootsuite, and Sysomos are available to search for both geotagged and non-geotagged information on social media sites. Attackers search social media sites using these online tools using keywords, usernames, date, time, and so on...
NEW QUESTION 53
What term describes the amount of risk that remains after the vulnerabilities are classified and the countermeasures have been deployed?
- A. Residual risk
- B. Impact risk
- C. Deferred risk
- D. Inherent risk
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Residual_risk
The residual risk is the risk or danger of an action or an event, a method or a (technical) process that, although being abreast with science, still conceives these dangers, even if all theoretically possible safety measures would be applied (scientifically conceivable measures); in other words, the amount of risk left over after natural or inherent risks have been reduced by risk controls.
* Residual risk = (Inherent risk) - (impact of risk controls)
NEW QUESTION 54
You have compromised a server and successfully gained a root access. You want to pivot and pass traffic undetected over the network and evade any possible Intrusion Detection System. What is the best approach?
- A. Use HTTP so that all traffic can be routed vis a browser, thus evading the internal Intrusion Detection Systems.
- B. Use Alternate Data Streams to hide the outgoing packets from this server.
- C. Install and use Telnet to encrypt all outgoing traffic from this server.
- D. Install Cryptcat and encrypt outgoing packets from this server.
Answer: D
Explanation:
https://linuxsecurityblog.com/2018/12/23/create-a-backdoor-with-cryptcat/ Cryptcat enables us to communicate between two systems and encrypts the communication between them with twofish, one of many excellent encryption algorithms from Bruce Schneier et al. Twofish's encryption is on par with AES encryption, making it nearly bulletproof. In this way, the IDS can't detect the malicious behavior taking place even when its traveling across normal HTTP ports like 80 and 443.
NEW QUESTION 55
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