Non-insulin therapy is most commonly utilized in type 2 diabetes patients, whose bodies either do not make enough insulin or are unable to use the insulin they do produce properly. Non-insulin-based medications use alternative mechanisms of action to lower blood glucose levels and keep them stable for optimal glycemic control. Some agents, for example, increase insulin release from pancreatic cells (sulfonylureas), some agents increase peripheral glucose uptake while decreasing hepatic glucose output (biguanides), some agents slow starch digestion in the small intestine (alpha-glucosidase inhibitors), and some medications reduce post-meal sugar by blocking certain enzymes (Incretin mimetics).
The rising global incidence and prevalence of diabetes are likely to drive the non-insulin therapies for the diabetes market forward. Non-insulin therapy is primarily utilized in type 2 diabetes.
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