The vaccinations elicit a powerful immune response against infectious diseases; tuberculosis (TB) vaccines prevent tuberculosis infection. Robert Koch was the first to propose immunotherapy as a TB defensive strategy. BCG is now the only effective tuberculosis vaccination (Bacilli Calmette-Guerin). Because tuberculosis is most widespread in medium and low-income economies in Asia Pacific and Africa, these regions would represent the largest chance for a viable TB vaccine.
According to the World Health Organization's 2018 TB factsheet, countries such as India, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, and South Africa account for approximately 64% of total TB mortality. Another risk factor for these areas is the high number of HIV-positive people who live there. According to WHO, TB was responsible for around 40% of HIV-positive people's deaths in 2016. Tuberculosis vaccine could be very advantageous in these areas, propelling the Tuberculosis Vaccine Market forward.
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