An electronic regulator known as a Battery Management System (BMS) keeps track of the battery's performance and consumption. In addition to collecting and analyzing operational data from individual cells in the battery pack, it makes sure that the battery does not function above its maximum levels of voltage and current. The battery pack is also protected from being overcharged or depleted, the amount of energy left in the battery is calculated, and a continual check is made for shorts, loose connections, or deterioration in wire insulation.
However, operating lithium-ion batteries outside of their safe temperature range, overcharging them, or entirely discharging them causes them to malfunction. Therefore, they require particular maintenance and the usage of dependable Battery Management System, especially in high-voltage battery packs used in commercial applications, such as EVs, to assure safety and prolonged life. BMSs monitor batteries against functions, including as voltages and currents, temperatures, battery performance, and maintenance schedule, to determine whether the battery is overcharged or undercharged.
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