A Photonic integrated circuit (PIC) or integrated optical circuit (IOC) is a microchip that contains two or more photonic components that work together to form a working circuit. Light is detected, generated, transported, and processed using this technology. Photonic IC use photons (or light particles) rather than electrons, which are used by electronic integrated circuits. The primary distinction between the two is that a photonic integrated circuit provides functions for information signals imposed on optical wavelengths, typically in the visible or near infrared 850 nm-1650 nm range.
When compared to optical components, integrated optics has the advantages of greatly reduced size as scaled by an optical waveguide's footprint, more robust optical alignment, i.e., that performed by the fabrication process itself, and lower cost made possible by the massive parallelism of planar processing.
Read the Complete blog- https://cmiblogdailydose.blogspot.com/2022/09/photonic-ic-complex-integrated-circuit.html
