Mass and volume on an aircraft are limited, as any economy passenger who has squeezed themselves into the 28-inch space between seat rows can attest (after paying the additional fee for an 8 kg carry-on). The pack-level specific energy (eb, the amount of energy stored per unit of battery mass), as well as the energy density, are two important metrics for an Electric Aircraft battery pack's mass and volume (vb, the energy stored per unit volume). The units of measurement for eb and vb are watt-hours per kilogramme (Wh/kg) and watt-hours per litre (Wh/L), respectively. Based on size, there are four general categories for passenger aircraft: commuter, regional, narrowbody, and widebody. Each successive type can carry more passengers over greater distances and will require more powerful batteries to electrify.
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