Here are 7 types of liquid level sensors for your reference:
1. Optical water level sensor
The optical sensor is stable-state. They use infrared LEDs and phototransistors, and when the sensor is within the air, they’re optically coupled. When the sensor head is immersed within the liquid, the infrared light will escape, inflicting the output to change. These sensors can detect the presence or absence of just about any liquid. They are not sensitive to ambient light, are usually not affected by foam when in air, and should not affected by small bubbles when in liquid. This makes them helpful in situations the place state changes should be recorded quickly and reliably, and in situations the place they can operate reliably for lengthy intervals without maintenance.
Advantages: non-contact measurement, high accuracy, and fast response.
Disadvantages: Don’t use under direct sunlight, water vapor will affect the measurement accuracy.
2. Capacitance liquid level sensor
Capacitance level switches use 2 conductive electrodes (often made of metal) within the circuit, and the space between them may be very short. When the electrode is immersed in the liquid, it completes the circuit.
Advantages: can be utilized to determine the rise or fall of the liquid in the container. By making the electrode and the container the same height, the capacitance between the electrodes can be measured. No capacitance means no liquid. A full capacitance represents a complete container. The measured values of “empty” and “full” should be recorded, and then 0% and one hundred% calibrated meters are used to display the liquid level.
Disadvantages: The corrosion of the electrode will change the capacitance of the electrode, and it needs to be cleaned or recalibrated.
3. Tuning fork level sensor
The tuning fork level gauge is a liquid point level switch software designed by the tuning fork principle. The working precept of the switch is to cause its vibration through the resonance of the piezoelectric crystal.
Each object has its resonant frequency. The resonant frequency of the object is expounded to the size, mass, form, force… of the object. A typical instance of the resonant frequency of the item is: the same glass cup in a row Filling with water of different heights, you can perform instrumental music performance by tapping.
Advantages: It can be really unaffected by flow, bubbles, liquid types, etc., and no calibration is required.
Disadvantages: Cannot be utilized in viscous media.
4. Diaphragm liquid level sensor
The diaphragm or pneumatic level switch relies on air pressure to push the diaphragm, which engages with a micro switch inside the main body of the device. As the liquid level increases, the internal pressure in the detection tube will improve until the microswitch is activated. As the liquid level drops, the air pressure additionally drops, and the switch opens.
Advantages: There isn’t any want for energy within the tank, it can be utilized with many types of liquids, and the switch will not come into contact with liquids.
Disadvantages: Since it is a mechanical system, it will want maintenance over time.
5.Float water level sensor
The float switch is the unique level sensor. They are mechanical equipment. The hollow float is linked to the arm. As the float rises and falls in the liquid, the arm will be pushed up and down. The arm might be related to a magnetic or mechanical switch to determine on/off, or it may be related to a level gauge that adjustments from full to empty when the liquid level drops.
The usage of float switches for pumps is an economical and effective methodology to measure the water level within the pumping pit of the basement.
Advantages: The float switch can measure any type of liquid and could be designed to operate without any energy supply.
Disadvantages: They’re bigger than different types of switches, and because they’re mechanical, they have to be used more continuously than different level switches.
6. Ultrasonic liquid level sensor
The ultrasonic level gauge is a digital level gauge controlled by a microprocessor. Within the measurement, the ultrasonic pulse is emitted by the sensor (transducer). The sound wave is mirrored by the liquid surface and received by the identical sensor. It’s converted into an electrical signal by a piezoelectric crystal. The time between the transmission and reception of the sound wave is used to calculate the Measure of the gap to the surface of the liquid.
The working precept of the ultrasonic water level sensor is that the ultrasonic transducer (probe) sends out a high-frequency pulse sound wave when it encounters the surface of the measured level (material), is reflected, and the reflected echo is obtained by the transducer and converted into an electrical signal. The propagation time of the sound wave. It’s proportional to the gap from the sound wave to the surface of the object. The relationship between the sound wave transmission distance S and the sound speed C and the sound transmission time T will be expressed by the formula: S=C×T/2.
Advantages: non-contact measurement, the measured medium is nearly unlimited, and it might be widely used for measuring the height of assorted liquids and strong materials.
Disadvantages: The measurement accuracy is significantly affected by the temperature and dirt of the current environment.
7. Radar level gauge
A radar liquid level is a liquid level measuring instrument based on the principle of time travel. The radar wave runs at the speed of light, and the running time might be transformed right into a level signal by digital components. The probe sends out high-frequency pulses that travel on the speed of light in space, and when the pulses meet the surface of the material, they’re reflected and received by the receiver within the meter, and the gap signal is converted right into a level signal.
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