Have you ever had an astringent (dry, puckery) sensation in your mouth after biting into an unripe apple? You've had tannin before.
Tannin, commonly known as tannic acid, is a phenolic molecule found in woody flowering plants that acts as a deterrent to herbivores and has a variety of commercial uses. Tannin is sequestered in vacuoles within the plant cell as secondary metabolites, which protects the other cell components.
Many plants have them naturally in their roots, wood, bark, leaves, and fruit, especially the bark of oak (Quercus) species and sumac (Rhus) and myrobalan species (Terminalia chebula). They can also be found in galls, which are pathological growths caused by insect bites.
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