Diseases Of The Future: What is in Store After COVID-19?
Virus outbreaks are not picky. They tear through neighbourhoods and countries, infecting whomever they come in contact with, and the coronavirus is no special case: The agony of the current pandemic episode will be felt—is as of now being felt—by pretty much everybody in the United States and everywhere throughout the world, in one way or the other. After the coronavirus pandemic has marched on, it will not leave anyone untouched. We shall in this article, try to figure out the future pandemics and some disease of the future.
With over 7.1 million cases and 406,500 deaths as of June 8, 2020, the COVID-19 effects continue to spread worldwide. In the United States, the number of cases significantly increased in the first week of March, and the U.S. presently has more confirmed cases and deaths among other nations around the world. All 50 states have been affected.
However, New York has the highest number of deaths and has reported more cases than any single nation outside of the United States. As of June 9, 2020, the number of both confirmed and possible positive cases of the coronavirus reported in the United States has reached 1,956,421 with 110,925 deaths.
Also Read: 5 worst epidemics in the history.
The connection between human health and disease is neither a new concept nor a new subject. The emergence of coronavirus in China toward the end of 2019 has caused a large global virus outbreak and is a serious public health problem. This infection is exceptionally infectious and can be transmitted through droplets and close contact.
The human to the human spreading of the infection happens because of close contact with an infected individual exposed to coughing, sneezing, respiratory droplets, or aerosols. These aerosols can enter the human body by means of inhalation through the nose or the mouth.
The clinical range for people with coronavirus infection ranges from mild or non-specific signs and symptoms of intense respiratory sickness, for example, fever, cough, exhaustion, shortness of breath, to serious pneumonia with respiratory failure and septic shock.
It involves great importance to explain the relationship between COVID-19 effects and immune-rheumatologic patients. Taking into consideration the speedy and frantic virus outbreak, the health of rheumatic patients is a matter of prime concern. Coronavirus being a respiratory malady, the damage of the tissues of the lungs is very self-evident, yet there is a report that different organs and tissues may likewise be affected. Since viral shedding in plasma or serum is common in respiratory tract infections, there is a chance of transmission of coronavirus through the transfusion of labile blood products.
Coronavirus is a crucial public health concern for the whole world and is a leading cause of hospitalization and deaths, especially for middle and old aged people in the coronavirus affected nations.
Also Read: Beware of Obesity during lockdown
Infectious diseases are always on the move and can strike whenever. After the ebola episode of 2014, the World Health Organization creates and publishes a list of infectious diseases that could cause huge problems every year. Specialists state the increase of infections originates due to a few factors; demographic, technological, environmental, and social changes in living, etc. Climate change is also highly responsible for the development and spread of diseases.
Coronavirus won’t be the last pandemic in our profoundly interconnected world, and tragically it won’t be the most terrible one. Future pandemics are still to come.
A pandemic can happen when a kind of influenza virus, known as the influenza A virus, mutates suddenly. This change can result in what the body sees as a completely new virus. The major and sudden change from a recognizable virus outbreak to another one is called an ‘antigenic shift’.
On the surface of the infection are HA proteins and NA proteins. If one or both of these change, a new influenza A virus subtype can occur. Influenza viruses have an H figure and an N figure. Swine Flu, for instance, also well-known as H1N1, while avian flu has the subtype H5N1.
If the flu subtype gains the ability to spread rapidly between people, a future pandemic may result.
Only after the pandemic emerges and spreads, people build up some immunity over time. The virus subtype may then circle among people for quite a long time, causing occasional flu epidemics. Different associations around the globe, for example, the WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), screen the behaviour and development of influenza viruses.
Experts have been warning about the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria for decades. “The problem is the massive overuse and abuse of antibiotics in animal production and human medicine,” says Lance Price, Ph.D., a professor and founding director of the Antibiotic Resistance Action Center at George Washington University’s Milken Institute School of Public Health. “We know the more we use antibiotics, the more resistant bacteria will emerge.”
One hundred years back, the deadliest influenza pandemic of all time made a ravaging march over the globe. The “Spanish” influenza of 1918-19 infected an estimated one-third of the world’s population and killed between 50 million and 100 million humans, modern epidemiologists estimate.
That brings up the unavoidable question as the United States fights its way through another severe pandemic- Could a pandemic as devastating in scope happen in the future? Is Spanish Influenza one of the future pandemics?
It is “100 percent” certain that another future pandemic emergency will occur, said Dr. Greg Poland, a virologist and immunization analyst with the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.
There is absolutely no controversy that we will have future pandemics. “What’s unpredictable is the severity of it.”
Zoonotic Diseases are infections that are transferred from animals to human beings. Experts state that climate change is likely a huge factor in the expansion and spread of these infections. Commonly known as zoonotic diseases include bird flu, Ebola, dengue fever, Lyme disease, malaria, rabies, swine influenza, and many others.
Zoonotic diseases are diseases of the future and can spread in a number of ways:
-Direct Contact
Coming into direct contact with saliva, blood, urine, or other bodily liquids of any animal can spread diseases. This can occur by getting bitten or scratched by any animal, or even by petting or touching an animal.
-Indirect Contact
This happens when people come into contact with zones where animals live or touch objects that have been contaminated. This happens often with aquarium tank water, pet habitats, chicken coops, water dishes, and many more.
-Vector-Borne
This occurs by being bitten by an insect, for example, mosquito or bug, or a tick. Though not every bug bite will bring about infectious disease, many of these bites do turn into a disease.
-Foodborne
Every year, 1 out of 6 Americans will fall sick from eating contaminated food. Things like half-cooked meat and eggs, raw produce that has been contaminated, and unpasteurized milk, all are risky.
The best way to avoid zoonotic diseases includes washing your hands, washing your food and cooking it well, wearing bug spray, and being aware of your surroundings.
The coronavirus outbreak is proving to be a disaster in every possible way, particularly in the most affected nations including the USA, Brazil, Russia, and India where the virus outbreak is absolutely serious in all aspects, particularly health, social, and economic.
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