Laparoscopy (from Ancient Greek (lapara) 'flank, side' and o (skopeo) 'to see') is a procedure performed in the abdomen or pelvis through small incisions (often 0.5–1.5 cm) with the assistance of a camera. With a few small cuts in the abdomen, the laparoscope aids in diagnosis or therapeutic procedures.
Laparoscopic devices are available in a variety of configurations, including those for bariatric surgery, heart surgery, and paediatric surgery. These devices are suitable for both normal and bariatric surgery. Laparoscopic surgery is a modern surgical method that is also known as minimally invasive surgery (MIS), bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery. Laparoscopic surgery has several advantages over exploratory laparotomy for the patient. These benefits include less pain owing to smaller incisions, less haemorrhaging, and a quicker recovery time.
The mechanism indicated in the second type is mostly utilised to improve the image quality of flexible endoscopes, which are intended to replace traditional fiberscopes. Laparoscopes, on the other hand, are rigid endoscopes. Clinical practise necessitates rigidity. Because of its fine optical resolution (50 m generally, depending on the aperture size employed in the objective lens), rod-lens-based laparoscopes prevail in practise, and the image quality can be greater than that of a digital camera if necessary. In the laparoscope market and in hospitals, the second type of laparoscope is quite rare.
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