An open-source web application framework for creating Java EE web applications is called Apache Struts. To encourage developers to employ a model-view-controller (MVC) architecture, it uses and extends the Java servlet AP.
A recommended method for creating Web applications with sound architecture is the Struts Framework. It has these characteristics:
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Free software
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Using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design paradigm to distinguish between each level clear
1. Application state model
2. View: Data presentation (JSP, HTML)
3. Controller: application flow routing
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carries out JSP Model 2 Architecture
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struts-config.xml, a single core file that contains request mapping and application routing data.
The Struts Framework itself fills in only the View and Controller levels. The developer is in charge of the Model layer.
Struts pro:
JSP tag mechanism usage
The tag feature separates Java code from the JSP file and encourages the reuse of code. This feature makes it possible to integrate well with JSP-based development tools that support tag-based authoring.
Tag database
Why create a new tag library or reinvent the wheel? Contribute if you can't find what you're looking for in the library. Additionally, Struts offers a place to start if you want to learn JSP tag technology.
Free software
You can see the code and have everyone else using the library review it, which are both benefits of open source software. A good code review has several eyes.
MVC implementation example
If you wish to design your own MVC implementation, Struts can provide some guidance.
Control the issue area
A good strategy to solve an issue and make it manageable is to divide and conquer.
An MVC 2 implementation is Struts
Struts is a reusable MVC 2 design that consists of a group of interdependent classes, servlets, and JSP tags. According to this description, Strut is a framework rather than a library; nonetheless, Struts also has a sizable tag library and utility classes that operate separately from the framework.
Overview of Struts
customer browser
An event is produced by a client browser's HTTP request. An HTTP response will be returned from the Web container.
Controller
The Controller chooses where to deliver the request after receiving it from the browser. The Controller is a command design pattern used with Struts that is implemented as a servlet. The Controller is configured in the struts-config.xml file.
Business sense
The business logic modifies the model's state and aids in regulating the application's flow. With Struts, an Action class serves as a simple shell around the core business logic.
A good state
The model depicts the application's current state. The application state is updated by the business objects. ActionForm bean, as opposed to the permanent ActionForm bean, represents the Model state at a session or request level. Using JSP tags, the JSP file pulls data from the ActionForm bean.
View
A JSP file is all that the view is. There are only tags; there is no flow logic, business logic, or model information. One feature that sets Struts apart from other frameworks like Velocity is tagged.
Design objectives
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Struts seek to neatly divide the model—application logic that interacts with a database—from the view, or the client-facing HTML pages, and the controller (instance that passes information between view and model). The controller is provided by Struts (a servlet called ActionServlet), and it makes it easier to write templates for the view or presentation layer (usually in JSP, though XML/XSLT and Velocity are also supported). The web application programmer is in charge of writing the model code as well as the trust-config.xml configuration file, which connects the model, view, and controller.
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In order for the controller to interact with the application-specific model code, it must be called by the controller when it gets requests from the client in the form of "Actions" described in the configuration file. The "ActionForward" string returned by the model code instructs the controller which output page to deliver to the client. Special JavaBeans are used to transmit data between the model and display. Without requiring any embedded Java code, a potent custom tag library enables it to read and write the content of these beans from the display layer.
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Additionally, Struts supports multilingualism, has tools for validating data entered into online forms, and has a template mechanism called "Tiles" that, for example, enables the display layer to be built from the separate header, footer, and content components.
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When creating enterprise-class Java-based web applications, Apache Struts 2 employs Inversion of Control (IoC) and the tried-and-true Model-View-Controller architectural paradigm (MVC). Because Struts 2 includes native support for AJAX, it is also ideally suited for creating visually appealing and highly interactive Web 2.0 applications.
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Struts 2 advances the well-known Struts framework. Similar to Struts, its objectives are to increase web application developers' productivity, extensibility, maintainability, and scalability. However, Struts 2 also supports Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP), which results in incredibly modular code by employing interceptors. Powerful features like a plugin framework, interaction with JavaServer Faces (JSF), and XML-free setup are also added.
What benefits may you get from using Struts?
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The Front Controller design is already implemented when you use the Struts Framework, which is an intrinsic benefit. In addition, working with Struts is a solid and completely flexible architecture.
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Struts provide the capabilities of
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certain class-based governing elements
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populating Java Beans using HTML form components and validating those elements
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setup of all underlying components using XML
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Resources for all HTML elements are provided in resource bundles to fully support internationalization.
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Tag libraries for simple integration with the JSPs you already have
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a sophisticated method of addressing form-related problems.
