A coloured line appearing at the test line point in the sandwich assay indicates a positive result. A successful competitive assay is shown by the lack of a coloured line at the test line location. One or more test lines can be included in sandwich assays and competitive assays when they are designed. For instance, a multiplexed sandwich assay with two test lines and one control line is the nucleic acid Lateral Flow Assay PCRD. In lateral flow experiments, the conjugation pad contains conjugated gold, carbon, or coloured latex nanoparticles. Magnetic beads and coloured polystyrene beads are examples of additional labels.
The sample pad, conjugate or reagent pad, reaction membrane, and wick or waste reservoir make up a lateral flow test strip. There are various kinds of lateral flow tests, including sandwich assays and competitive assays. The Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) is a well-known commercial tool in the field of on-site diagnostics because it may produce results that are accurate, quick, and affordable, like those from at-home pregnancy tests. Over time, lateral flow assay technology has rapidly advanced and is now frequently employed for companion diagnostic and point-of-care applications.
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