What is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and how does it affect you?
In Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, the peripheral nerves—the nerves that carry information and impulses from the brain and spinal cord to and from the rest of the body, as well as sensory information like touch back to the spinal cord and brain—are destroyed. CMT has the potential to disrupt the nerves that govern the muscles directly.
The development of progressive muscle-weakening is most obvious in youth or early adulthood, but the condition can strike at any age. Because longer nerves are injured first, symptoms typically start in the feet and lower legs before spreading to the fingers, hands, and arms. Although some people may never know they have CMT, the majority of those who have it have some kind of physical handicap.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth illness is inherited in one of two ways.
CMT gene mutations are inherited in three ways: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked inheritance patterns, all of which are linked to a person's chromosomes. Each person has 23 chromosomal pairs. The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are known as "autosomes," and they are inherited regardless of a person's biological sex. On the autosomes, each individual generally has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. The condition is autosomal dominant, which means it only takes one copy of the CMT gene from either parent to obtain it, and a kid of an affected parent (either mother or father) has a 50% chance of inheriting it.
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