Chemical substances generated from hydrocarbons, primarily crude oil and natural gas, are known as petrochemicals. They can also be made from sugarcane and corn, which are both renewable resources. The chemical structure of petrochemicals is divided into three categories: olefins, aromatics, and synthesis gas hydrocarbons. Ethylene and propylene are olefin hydrocarbons, whereas aromatic hydrocarbons include benzene, toluene, and xylene. In refineries and chemical plants, processes such as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), steam cracking, and catalytic reforming are used to obtain the desired output. Petroleum products are an essential part of daily living and are in high demand across a wide range of businesses. Furthermore, petrochemicals are used in a wide range of common objects, including clothing, houses, autos, toothbrushes, furniture, irrigation, household items, synthetic detergents, packaging, electronics, performance products, and medical equipment.
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