Angioedema is a type of swelling caused by increased production of the fluid that surrounds the internal organs. While some individuals have no symptoms, others develop very serious complications. Most commonly, this occurs in the lung tissue, but there are also cases where the disease affects the gastrointestinal tract, the mouth, or even the eyes. For this reason, treatments for angioedema are vital to providing relief from the discomfort that this disease causes. The most effective treatment for patients with acute onset of angioedema is ongoing fluid management including access to fresh frozen plasma (FSSP) in low doses, until such time as the syndrome disappears.
Angioedema treatment options usually include long-term anti-diuretics, antibiotics, and steroids. Steroids are often administered in severe cases to reduce the pain and inflammation in the affected areas. Intensive care unit (ICU) admission is usually reserved for patients who need ongoing support in managing the disease. Patients may be prescribed IV fluids, including saline or dextrose, at home until their doctor recommends ICU admission. Before any treatment option can be recommended, a thorough medical examination is required to rule out serious underlying causes. A positive skin test result may point to a possible allergic reaction, but this is not considered a cause.
Treatments for angioedema include drug therapy including beta-blockers, leukotriene modifiers, and vasodilators. These drugs decrease the release of epinephrine from blood vessels and help prevent the constriction of blood vessels. Vasoconstrictors help to keep the blood pressure normal by preventing the constriction of the blood vessels. As with any medication, drug therapy should be taken under the supervision of a physician and used as per directions. Developed countries such as the U.K., Italy, and the U.S. have witnessed significant development in the field of angioedema treatment over the years. A couple of years ago, the U.S. FDA approved a new prophylactic drug for rare hereditary angioedema. Even in the U.K., the regulatory authorities have allowed the use of a new hereditary angioedema drug.
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